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Final answer:The research and development expense for a given period includes the cost of materials, personnel salaries, and equipment depreciation.Explanation:The research and development expense for a given period includes the cost of materials used in research and development, salaries and wages of research and development personnel, and depreciation of research and development equipment. Therefore, the correct answer is4) All of the above. These expenses are necessary to support the research and development activities of a company or organization....