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Constipationrefers to the largeintestine'ssluggish transit of excrement.Large amounts of dry, hard stools that build up in the descending colon as a result of excessivefluid absorptionor inadequate fluid intake are frequently linked to constipation.Constipationcan be brought on by any intestinal disease that prevents the passage of intestinal contents, such as tumours, intestine-constricting adhesions, or ulcers this lead to a specificpathologicalpresentation.Infants seldom have constipation, but part of their early training includes learning to regulate it. This control is achieved by blocking the naturaldefecation reflexes.Clinical evidencedemonstrates that the defecation reflexes gradually weaken over months or years, and the colon becomes atonic, if defecation is suppressed when the reflexes are activated or if excessive laxative usage is substituted for normal bowel function.Because of this, the development of constipation in later life is less likely if a person has regular bowel habits early in life, defecating when thegastrocolic and duodenocolicreflexes generate mass movements in the large intestine.Another cause of constipation is the spasm of a tiny portion of the sigmoid colon. Largeintestine motilityis typically low, therefore even a modest amount of spasm might result in severe constipation. Constipation that persists for many days and extra faeces that have collected above a spasticsigmoidcolon are commonly followed by a day or two of diarrhoea due to overactive colonic secretions. Following this, the cycle resumes, with several episodes of alternate constipation anddiarrhoea.For such more question onpathological.brainly.com/question/574807#SPJ4...