Final answer:In IUPAC nomenclature, a single substituent on abenzeneis just added as a prefix, while polysubstituted benzenes are numbered to give substituents the lowest numbers and listed alphabetically. Di-substituted benzenes can use ortho, meta, and para prefixes for common names but use numbered positions in IUPAC names.Explanation:In the IUPAC nomenclature system for naming substituted benzenes, the compound with a single substituent uses the substituent name as a prefix to 'benzene' without numbering. For a polysubstituted benzene, you would number the ring such that the substituents receive the lowest possible numbers and list them alphabetically as prefixes. For example,ethylbenzenerefers to a benzene ring with a single ethyl group attached. With two substituents, numbering starts from the first substituent and proceeds to give the second the lowest possible number. Common names for di-substituted benzene derivatives can use the prefixes ortho, meta, and para which correspond to 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4- arrangements respectively. For instance, 'para-diethylbenzene' would be named1,4-diethylbenzeneunder the IUPAC system. Also, poly-substituted benzenes with multiple different substituents, such asethylpropylethenylbenzene, would require each substituent to be numbered and listed alphabetically.For the compound commonly named m-bromobenzaldehyde, the IUPAC name would be3-bromobenzaldehyde. For glyceraldehyde, the IUPAC name following the hint provided would be2,3-dihydroxypropanal.Learn more about IUPAC Nomenclature here:brainly.com/question/14379357#SPJ11...

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