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Final answer:Positive psychology focuses on well-being, health, and flourishing by harnessing individual strengths and virtues. It is empirical and distinct from simple optimism or positive thinking movements.Explanation:The subject matter of this question is positive psychology, a branch of psychology that focuses on the human strengths, virtues, and talents that contribute to successful functioning and enable individuals to flourish. Positive psychology does not deny psychological suffering; instead, it promotes a shift in perspective, moving from an exclusive focus on distress, disorder, and dysfunction to a concentration on well-being, health, and optimal functioning. The correct answer to the student's question is d. helping people harness their strengths, virtues, and other good qualities to enhance their lives.It is important to note that positive psychology is an empirically based field of research. It is aimed at scientifically understanding what makes life worth living and identifying and enhancing the human strengths that make life fulfilling. Central to the field of positive psychology are the concepts and study of positive states like happiness, gratitude, forgiveness, and humility, all of which are linked to significant life outcomes and human resilience....