Final answer:In APUSH, 'perfectionism' refers to 19th-century social reform movements driven by the belief in societal and individual moral perfection, including notable movements like temperance and abolitionism, and influenced by the Second Great Awakening.Explanation:The term perfectionism in the context of AP United States History (APUSH) generally refers to a variety of social reform movements that emerged in the United States during the first half of the 19th century. These movements were characterized by the belief that individuals and society could achieve a state of moral perfection.Notable examples of perfectionism during this era include the temperance movement, which advocated for abstinence from alcohol, and the abolitionist movement, which fought to end the practice of slavery.Perfectionists often believed that through personal and communal effort, society could be improved and social ills eradicated. Religious groups like the Shakers and the Oneida community attempted to create utopian societies to showcase their ideals of communal living and moral perfection.The impulse for social reform during this period was largely driven by a wave of religious revivalism known as the Second Great Awakening, which stressed the possibility of personal and collective improvement and salvation....

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