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Final answer:Drivers should increase their following interval both in bad weather and when following vehicles that stop at railroad crossings, as this allows for safer reaction times. Bad weather conditions necessitate longer distances due to reduced visibility and increased braking distances, while expected stops at railroad crossings require a safer following distance to prevent collisions. so the correct option is c)All of the above.Explanation:In the provided situations, drivers should increase their following interval in both: When it is hard to see ahead because of bad weather, and) When following vehicles that are required to come to a stop at railroad crossings. Increasing the following interval is a defensive driving principle that promotes safety by allowing drivers more time to react to unanticipated events. Bad weather reduces visibility and increases braking distances, making it crucial to keep a longer distance from the vehicle ahead. In the case of vehicles stopping at railroad crossings, maintaining a larger following interval gives you more time to anticipate stops and reduces the risk of rear-end collisions.To ensure a safe driving experience, it's recommended to avoid high speed driving, to travel when congestion is light, and to practice gradual deceleration before stops rather than unnecessary braking. Recognizing both external conditions such as bad weather and traffic behavior, like changes in speed due to a slow-moving vehicle which can trigger a 'wave' of deceleration, is key to adjusting your following distance appropriately....