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Participation advertising offers the advantage of avoiding long-term commitments to a single program, allowing flexibility and adaptability in advertising strategies, which is beneficial for both established businesses and new market entrants. Option c and d are correct answers.An advantage of participation advertising is that long-term commitments to a single program are avoided. This allows firms flexibility in managing their advertising budgets and reaching their target audience without being tied down. Additionally, by not committing to a long-term agreement, companies can adapt their advertising strategies to changing market conditions or shift their focus to more successful media platforms when needed, which is especially beneficial for new firms entering the market.Advertising in itself is significant for both established businesses and new entrants. It helps create brand loyalty, which can serve as both an entry barrier for competitors and a competitive edge for the brand itself. For new firms, advertising is essential to educate consumers about their offerings, which increases the likelihood of consumers trying new products, thereby facilitating market entry.Although advertising can promote competition and lower prices, it also comes with the challenge of distinguishing products in the market. Thus, ongoing firms often emphasize their reputation and offer warranties as part of their advertising strategy to ensure that consumers perceive a difference between their offerings and those of transient sellers, thus addressing both search and experience characteristics of consumers....