Final answer:Potassium (K) is the first element in the fourth period of the periodic table used in making fertilizer; not nitrogen, which is also a vital nutrient for plants but is located in a different period. Thus option C) Phosphorus is correct answer.Explanation:The first element in the fourth period used in making fertilizer is potassium (K). This element is a critical macro-nutrient for plant growth and is often found in large quantities in fertilizers alongside nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). While nitrogen is a key component of proteins, nucleic acids, and chlorophyll, and is one of the main ingredients in artificial fertilizers, it is not the first element in the fourth period of the periodic table. Phosphorus is also critical in the synthesis of nucleic acids and ATP, the main energy carrier in cells. Therefore, the correct answer is not nitrogen, but potassium, which is in period 4 and commonly used in the production of fertilizers....

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