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The weights pre- and post-training aredependent variablesbecause they are taken from the same groups. The ACT and SAT scores are independent variables because they come from different groups. And the weights of newborn males and females are also independent variables since they don'tinfluenceeach other.For the first pair of samples, they are dependent as they are based on the same people's weights pre- and post-training. Their weights after the training depend on their weights before the training.For the second pair of samples, the scores of the students in the ACT and SAT areindependentbecause they are different sets of students taking different tests. There is no dependability, or relationship, between these two sets of scores.Lastly, for the third pair of samples, theweightsofnewbornfemales and newborn males are independent because the gender of the newborn does not depend on their weight or vice versa. The weights of the two genders are different variables and do not influence each other.To know more aboutindependentand dependent variables, visit:brainly.com/question/25223322#SPJ11...