Final answer:After phosphorylation, 3-PGA is reduced by NADPH in the Calvin cycle, with ATP also contributing energy to the reaction.Explanation:After 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) is phosphorylated during the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis, it is reduced by NADPH. This is a reduction reaction which involves the gain of electrons by 3-PGA. ATP is also used in this process, providing the necessary energy to facilitate the conversion of 3-PGA into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). It is critical to note that it is essentially the NADPH that provides the reducing power to convert 3-PGA into G3P.After 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) is phosphorylated, it is reduced by a) NADPH. This critical step occurs during the Calvin cycle, the second stage of photosynthesis. In this process, 3-PGA is phosphorylated to form 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG), and then NADPH donates electrons to convert 1,3-BPG into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). NADPH, a product of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis, serves as a reducing agent, providing the necessary electrons for the reduction of 3-PGA.This reduction phase ultimately leads to the production of carbohydrates, contributing to the synthesis of organic compounds in plants during photosynthesis....

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