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Answer:B.Axial stress divided by axial strainExplanation:Elasticity:It is the tendency of an object to deform along the axis when an opposing force is applied without facing permanent change in shape.Plasticity:When an object crosses the elasticity limit, it enters plasticity where the change due to stress is permanent and the object might even break.Yield strength:Yield strength is the point of maximum bearable stress that indicates the limit of elasticity.Our case:As the stress applied is less than the yield strength, the rod is still in the elasticity state and its modulus can be calculated.Modulus of Elasticity = Stress along axis/Ratio of change in length to original lengthAxial strain is basically the ratio of change in length to original length.So,Modulus of Elasticity = Axial Stress/ Axial Strain...